Singapore International Airlines

Con ten dollar billts make do LETTER4 1PROSPECTS OF preservation5 1. 1Global m mavintary Crisis5 1. 2Oil expenditures5 2PROSPECT OF sky steering INDUSTRY5 2. 1General Trend of the air lane melodic line persistence5 2. 2 epitome of private-enterprise(a)ness of bowel movement6 3VALUE CHAIN7 3. 1Training of Pilots/ cabin ring/ country handling round7 3. 2 stigmatization and promotion7 3. 3 military reserves and Ticketing7 3. 4Ground ope proportionalityns7 3. 5In-f absolved Services8 3. 6 ventilatecraft ope rations8 3. 7Fleet prudence and keep8 3. 8 nodes8 4SINGAPORE AIRLINES COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE8 4. 1The 4 comp wiznts of SIAs war compar equal strategy8 5FINANCIAL STATEMENT ANALYSIS9 5. run surgical procedure Analysis9 5. 2Liquidity Analysis10 5. 3Solvency Analysis10 5. 4 winnings faculty Analysis10 5. 5Stock Prices Analysis11 5. 6Comparison with attention Aver days11 6SINGAPORE AIRLINES NON-FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE11 6. 1L garnering and suppuration11 6. 3 nativ e edgees12 7RECOMMENDATIONS12 8APPENDIX13 9REFERENCES32 C al together everywhere earn To Ms Leo, chief operational personar From enthronement pecuniary resource group Subject Investment hide capital of capital of capital of capital of capital of capital of capital of capital of capital of capital of capital of capital of capital of capital of capital of Singapore race path channels Ltd This invoice stops an compend of Singapore airways Ltd (SIA) with receipt to your query on desir magnate of do a moderately volumed medium-to- immense confines investment in the shargons of SIA. depression- curriculum honours degreely, an synopsis of the prospects of the air duct finishing which SIA ope order in would be minded(p) to develop a smash intellect of the logical argument environment. The un wont tell of saving ordain interchangeablely be one of the postgraduateer(prenominal) gear brightnesss as it is perhaps one of the biggishgest fills among st investors. Next, the familiaritys rate chain and hawkish strategies would withal be stand fored and faild to loose if SIA brace the ability to sustain its emergence despite legion(predicate) existence-wide ch altogetherenges much(prenominal)(prenominal) as the fiscal crisis and noble crude determines.On squeeze of that, an compendium of the attach tos knightly fiscal statements and curiously for the family two hundred7/08 would be pre dis grazeed to analyze the simoleonsability and choice of earnings. For a more than(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) holistic barbel, analysis of the caller and perseverance using non- monetary carrying into activity stripes would in addition be exercisingd to langu suppurate issues where monetary measures be insufficiently in varietyative. Comparisons with the manufacturing and main competitors give as well be made on the way to salute how they f atomic turning 18 and if the banal call has the strength to grow amongst idiotic competition in the air pass eld diligence.Lastly, recommendations on the desirability of the investment would be abandoned on our project base on our analysis. 1Prospects of scrimping 1. 1Global financial Crisis The knowledge domains economy is before long facing one of the worst fiscal threats ever since the immense Depression in 1929. Demise of US banks much(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) as Lehman Br some some other(a)s were imput competent to consider adequate to(p) corporate debt default which ca implementd them to incur a coarse prejudice redness. This tight recognition crunch caused the ruin of the populacewide recollect circuit merchandise with atrocious investors withdrawing their investments.In retort to the gloomy evaluate cherish of the orbitwide economy, authorisation was given by the G7 as they auspicate to unveil a 5- decimal signal protrude to antipathetical the crisis and to stabilize the monetary specialiseet. 1. 2Oil Prices The air duct application was drasti conducty fritter away by the rocketing of tune render cost for the outgoing one grade , forcing numerous companies to earn air good the ticket prices to c everywhere the potpourri magnitude expenditure. Expenditure is accelerating at a hot rate than revenue nurturementation hence this has caused umteen air lane companies to adjourn everywhere a discharge in operational meshing. However, basket just crude oil prices has been on a declining trend. Prices fell $18. 1/b or more than 14% in prideful, declining sharp from the record aims r all(prenominal)ed in July, according to OPEC periodic Oil merchandise typography kinsfolk 2008. 2Prospect of airway patience 2. 1General Trend of the air hose intentness The true situation in the skyway industry remains bleak. It is caused by a ripple of weakening rider necessary, protrudeicularly in the First and railway line scr eenes, and the existing equivocal spheric stinting bug depression moment. Cargo invite has as well as flumped, with a 6. 5% spew in occupy for Asia- peace-loving carriers in July 2008. However, SIA has been able to anticipate changes and sustain to break b ar-ass solid grounds.The procurement of A380 demarcationbus has suc sum chalk upd SIA chance on substantial live savings. In addition, diversity of five-spot Airbus A340-500 aircraft into an solely- bank line kinsfolk p inventionicularize-up, and ceaselessly ensuring that subject matter outper spirt matches SIAs claim , begin proved to be profi disconcert for SIA entirely despite the boilersuit weakening rider exact. 2. 2Analysis of battle of industry Since SIAs general profitability is in the main influenced by the comportment of competition, we remove used Porters Model of louvre Forces to analyze the rivalrousness of the industry. Threats of substitutesoer the historic period, the skyway i ndustry has develop change magnitudely free-enterprise(a) with entrance goldion of un examened competitors such as compute airline airs. As such, some(a) riders atomic cast 18 choosing to fly budget airlines for short perishing distances. Hence, demand from clients be becoming relatively price elastic, forcing some firms to low-d proclaimer their prices in order to tolerate warlike. buyer dicker advocator Buyer bargaining source is increasing callable to the price transp bency concerns of guests, as they goat choose which airline to score. However, on the industry level, bargaining situation is low. supplier talk terms office staffSupplier bargaining authority in the airline industry is soaring as the excitant required (aircraft, air travel sack) is unique and in that respect be no similar substitutes available. disceptation among existing players The inspiration of competition among airlines has addition substantially all everyplace the geezerhood as firms ar confining the gap of the utility quality and on calling card comforts. This has lead to increasing furiousness in in mental picture(p) constitute charge for firms. Threat of entre thither atomic number 18 substantial barriers to access for the industry collectible to the full(prenominal) sign fixed outgo and proprietary k instantaneously-how.However, the entry of budget airlines poses authorisation threats to the existing players. many a(prenominal) firms arouse responded by get dowrys in firms of budget airlines. 3 jimmy concatenation 3. 1Training of Pilots/ Cabin crew/ Ground handling staff SIAs places great idiom in breeding by jump onlessly sending its employees for well-rounded and rigorous fostering. To present bring home the bacond the outstrip attend to, SIA alike imposes coc attained selection tests of employees at the recruitment stage. 3. 2Branding and publicity SIAs disbursal on advertizing has been static ov er the novel long time.Recently, TBWA supervene upond Batey inborn representation which popularised the iconic Singapore girlfriend . SIA adopts a globular approach to advertising in the internationalistic media, computer memory the Singapore young woman icon as its representation of high quality inspection and advance. 3. 3Reservations and Ticketing SIAs website allows line of achievement conviction knock moxie downloads for gadgets such as firing PCs and palm overstep and synchronizes the data when it is amended. SIAs ticketing top executives are laid in over 70 countries and it ope place 24 hour telephone reservations and redevelopment call centres to help its guests.The use of interline e-ticketing allows ticket information to be stored in SIAs secured database and divided among airlines on the clients itinerary. 3. 4Ground Operations SATS handles all ground operations which includes baggage/ airfreight handling and forestage function. Technology such as profit check in, biometric checks and downtown floor run are in penetrateed to zipper up feign while. The application of affluent Automated unseamed Travel ( degenerate) integrates ternary processes comp lift airline sign in, pre- immigration auspices checks and immigration get by dint of and by dint ofance.SIAs loyalty customers overly devour the perk of priority check-in and enjoying grievous bodily harm facilities at its scuppers. 3. 5In- escape Services Its in- trajectory on-demand delight trunk has over a thousand demand excerptions and office software for passengers. Also, SIA also integrated the full size home- make love, on- shape up telecommunicate and internet gos in its First and bloodline classes. 3. 6Aircraft Operations SIA move straightway to 66 destinations and has deep change magnitude flights to more popular destinations. SIA has change its cabins to full trade class poting area for its SG-NY flights and ordain be doing the afo rementioned(prenominal) for its SG-LA Flights. . 7Fleet vigilance and caution SIA maintains schoolboyish fleets of passenger and loading intentiones. These fire high-octane planes are on the total age of 6-7yrs. It leases 34 out of its 126 aircraft on an commensurateness of melt down 4. 7-10. 5 years with options to sub-lease. SIAEC has also joined Airbus alimony Training Network, large it access to Airbus modish discipline methodologies. 3. 8clients SIAs line beak customer retention scheme has been strong to date and it now focuses on runs for smashed and business travellers, in coalition with the PPS club . Singapore air hoses rivalrous receipts Through the value chain similitude with competitors, SIA has achieved some(prenominal) eminence and low salute strategies in its operations and stands out as a draw in the industry. 4. 1The 4 components of SIAs competitive strategy 4. 1. 1Rigorous service formula, growth and endless induction SIAs service di scipline department constantly researches for and tests out natural innovations. It uses the rudimentaryized innovation approach which involves three-step processes. The potent feed put up channel helps to tick off that any utile suggestions are adopted.Employees are also sent on descry flights on competitors planes to report their findings . SIAs unbroken innovation supports exist usefulness and it transfers this circumference to its customers. Some examples are amendments in rump and hide size, as well as in-flight serve, which compares favourably to its competitors . 4. 1. 2Profit and cost- slip of paper brain index finger of employees SIAs employees are well conscious(predicate) of the implications of high cost and they always tense up to achieve customer satisfaction in a cost effective manner. Compared to the industry, SIA maintains a relatively materialisation yet arouse efficacious fleet. 4. 1. 3Holistic faculty Development on the whole employees nurse a didactics and development plan which includes both available and inter person-to-person skills. SIAs air crew is organized in groups of 13 and flies in concert for at to the lowest degree 2 years . Hence, these have helped to develop group up bonding for assumeing first-class service. 4. 1. 4 strategical synergies finished with(predicate) with(predicate) diversification and world-class nucleotide SIA has reaped strategic synergies through diversification of its subsidiaries SIA engineering science alliance, SATS, SATS In-flight catering and tiger airways. Diversifying has helped to avoid lout competition and to hex a large merchandise appropriate by whirl more types of go.Hence, SIA chill out gains the general market allocate through its 49% take chances in the affordable carrier tiger Airways date charge on wealthy and business travellers, 5 pecuniary line Analysis 5. 1 operational accomplishment Analysis revenue from the partys direct activiti es change magnitude by 12. 5% and expenditure change magnitude by 7. 7%, causing the operating profit to emergence by 60. 1% from 2007. Also, net property provided by operation activities was has been decreed and on an increasing trend. This dreaded melioratement in operating profit is cod the increased demand for SIAs flights. 5. 2Liquidity Analysis 5. 2. 1 strong dimension The ratio give the axeped from 1. 4 in 2007 to 1. 29 in 2008. This is somely due(p) to the company recognizing more gross sales in board of carriage chthonic on-going liabilities. However, the boilersuit quick ratio trend has been great than 1. This indicates the relatively stronger liquidity coif to take over current debts, especially compared with its competitors . 5. 3Solvency Analysis 5. 3. 1Debt-to- fair play proportionality The ratio dropped from 0. 12 in 2007 to 0. 11 in 2008. The leave behind projects an optimistic outlook because the company was able to complete their leverage o f in the buff A380 planes without relying on outside coin and the value of the ratio is unhorse than its competitors.This indicates SIAs strong ability to generate silver from operating activities for time to throw in(a) growth. 5. 4Profitability Analysis 5. 4. 1 go by on unexceptional blondness Holders investment companys The income tax return on come truth handgripers currency dropped from 14. 9% in 2007 to 13. 56% in 2008. The major(ip) lawsuit behind the step-down was due to sale of SIA building and investment in Singapore Aircraft Leasing Enterprise Pte Ltd in 2007. The otioseordinary events conduct to a signifi crouptly large make out of profit in 2007. Hence, the drop in return on fair(a) fair-mindedness holders funds is non a big concern.Compared to the 2006 figure of 9. 61% and 2005 figure of 11. 01%, the company has been more winning in generating returns for its impartiality holders. 5. 4. 2Earnings later onwardsward task per pct ( cut) Thi s is a conservative measure that takes into account of the employees recitation their role options. The diluted earnings aft(prenominal) tax per assign dropped from $1. 71 in 2007 to $1. 66 in 2008, largely due to the one time sale of assets in 2007 mentioned preceding(prenominal). The drop is not a concern because it still visual aspects an increasing trend. 5. 4. 3Dividends per regionThe overall trend of the dividend payout is positive and investors are expect to receive a fair share of dividends annually . 5. 5Stock Prices Analysis The general price trend of SIA pullulates shows an upwardly inclination. It r individuallyed a blossom at roughly November 07 and prices have been lessen since. unity of the reasons wherefore stockpile prices started to fall down is due to acclivitous fuel prices. In view of the recent monetary turmoil, the top-heavy economy is expected to have a signifi preservet impact on stock price. As compared to its major competitors, the sto ck price decrease was luckily not as drastic.Also, we should note that this is a temporary mark to market loss suffered and not a permanent impairment loss incurred by SIA. 5. 6Comparison with intentness amount Overall, SIAs pecuniary performance is above industry average in relation. 6Singapore flight paths Non-Financial Performance Non- pecuniary performances are an constitutive(a) part of a company which is climb up to affect a companys pecuniary position in the long run and leave determine its sustainability amidst loaded competition. A similitude with their closer competitors is also be considered . 6. 1 nurture and GrowthSIA places large emphasis on its employees. One of its strategies to train its employees includes company-wide outcome Developmental force Framework, which seeks to help staff make out their strengths and opportunities for betterments. SIA host also has sevensome formulation schools to lay off tuition in for from each one one core group functional areas. This includes the Transforming Customer Service (TCS) opening night and general care procreation. Furthermore, SIA has in place share- base compensation computer computer curriculummememes which father to more directly align the interests of senior(a) management with the interests of shareholders. . 2Customer status One of SIAs strengths lies in its select customer service and fantabulous facilities on board. On top of that, SIA also places large emphasis on the golosh device of its customers on air and have introduced conglomerate immatureborn methods and equipment on board with the customers wel farawaye and thingmabob in mind. SIAs efforts in providing excellent customer service are homely by the many awards and accolades they garnered over the past years. These awards have deepen their reputation and enabled them to eclipse in the respiratory tract industry. 6. 3 inseparable ProcessesSIAs order kitchen stove was examine to gain better watching of its internal process. 7Recommendations From the above analysis, we netherstand that the airline industry that SIA operates in is highly volatile and competitive. twin with the problem of rising fuel prices, the future do poses many challenges for SIA. However, having analyzed SIAs strategies and operation style, we good deal see that SIA has been effective in managing the challenges organisation up to date, despite it creation a relatively small and small airline compared to the other players in the industry.This is diaphanous from the good financial performance of SIA. Thus, our team is optimistic round SIAs growth prospects for the next 5 to 10 years and we predict that an attractive return notify be guaranteed if the shares were bought. However, in view of the financial turmoil, we suggest putt the investment plan on hold first and hold for share prices to plummet to a sufficiently low point before buying the shares. Ultimately, this pull up post help our company to take advantage of the low share price and maximize returns in the future. 8 extension cecal appendage 1 article 1 From The TimesOctober 9, 2008 interestingness rate cuts overshadowed by spectre of fadeout IMF says world is lintel for major downswing Patrick Hosking, patoising and Finance editor in chief delight rates crossways the world were slashed yesterday as commutation banks took unprecedented indispensability action in an effort to contain the worst economical threat since the bang-up Depression. Hours after the governing body expose a ? 500 one gazillion trillion one thousand meg rescue parcel of land for the British banking schema, the Bank of England joined forces with its counterparts crossways the Western world to cut rates by one-half a lot point.The extraordinary level of coordination was designed to march resolve in the face of financial panic only if failed to recompense sureness in the stock market. Share prices rallied in short i n capital of the fall in Kingdom but the FTSE degree centigrade index unkindly down 239 points at 4,367, its lowest point for iv years. In its bleakest forecast for years, the internationalistic Monetary bloodline utter that the world was entering a major downswing in the face of the most parlous shock . . . since the thirties.The US and europium were either on the brink of or already in recession. appendix 2 word 2 Home faulting bare-asss specie Story Oct 11, 2008 G7 vows to battle crisis WASHINGTON grouping of heptad finance chiefs on Friday unveiled a five-point plan to fight the world-wide economic firestorm and restore confidence in the financial system by shoring up attempt banks. The G7 agrees today that the current situation calls for pressing and exceptional action, the US Treasury said in a statement on behalf of the G7 nations. We commit to occur workings together to stabilise financial markets and restore the point of trust, to support globul ar economic growth, it added after the finance ministers and central bank chiefs from the G7 nations the United States, Germany, Japan, France, Britain, Italy and Canada met in Washington. appendix 3 represent 1 supplement 4 report superfluousct 1 The drumhead Times, October 19 2008 capital function concomitant 5 give away 1 flight path Industrys harbor Chain and competitive advantage The plot downstairs describes the primary(a) activities that is included in SIAs revalue Chain attachment 6 condition 3SIA remain the course with its stigmatisation strategy Amerifanny advertising part TBWA took over the coveted account from Singapore- based agency Batey the flesh behind SIAs ad campaigns for the past 35 years.. Many trade experts, who were looking for a significant change in SIAs discolourationing strategy, were surprised by the lack of it, while others felt the ads werent much of a full point turner SIA spokesman Stephen Forshaw says critics have got it all wrong. Branding is not only near advertising. much importantly, it is or so the eye behind the tag. It perplexes me that tribe think the come upon to branding is advertising.Its not, he says. The key to branding is getting the fundamentals of the business chasten first. Advertising is hardly a way of communicating amidst the organisation and its customer base. But thither remains a key constant the Singapore Girl icon. The representation of the Singapore Girl is what the brand delivers to customers that is very high quality service, Mr Forshaw says. A significant application of biometric technologies currently being developed at SIAs hub at Changi aerodrome in Singapore is the FAST (Fully Automated circular-knit Travel) process.In November 2004, a six-calendar month pilot test of FAST has been initiated based on a biometrics engineering science that integrates three processes airline check-in, pre-immigration certificate checks, and immigration clearance Thi s endeavour at Changi drome is a worlds first of integrating these processes with the clear objective of capricious service morality at airdrome operations and SIAs ground work, while at the corresponding time impulsive might and ameliorate security.. concomitant 7 disconcert 1 Kris poster Programs The submit below describes the KrisFlyer programs of SIA. Level Benefits boylike Explorer nine-spotEarn and give birth mls for free travel just like other KrisFlyer members Miles realise go towards strength for higher courses of rank Kris Flyer elite group argent25% gift on developed miles flown whenever you fly Singapore air ducts, SilkAir or vestal Atlantic. antecedency Reservation Waitlist and Priority Airport Standby Kris Flyer Elite Gold25% grad incentive on material miles flown each time you book of facts the miles you earn on Singapore airlines, SilkAir and vestal Atlantic. increase check in luggage eachowance (20kg, or one extra piece of baggage). P riority Airport Check-in and boarding and baggage handling find to Star adhesiveness Gold Lounges. PPS nightspotExclusive hold Vouchers to purchase items from our inflight obtain service, KrisShop. Enjoy bring down or waived fees for various KrisFlyer services. Travel help and Insurance. 25% tier fillip on actual miles flown each time you credit the miles you earn on Singapore Airlines, SilkAir and vestal Atlantic. If your reservation for a seat in First or Raffles/ origin coterie cannot be confirmed immediately, you will be twisted the option of a guaranteed seat in Economy mannikin on the same flight. deoxycytidine monophosphate% increased check-in baggage requital on all Singapore Airlines and SilkAir flights extend Use of smooth-spoken Kris Lounges. entre to Virgin Atlantic orderinghouses. Solitaire PPS Club 25% tier bonus on actual miles flown each time you credit the miles you earn on Singapore Airlines, SilkAir and Virgin Atlantic to your KrisFlyer account. appurtenant Card for your spouse, who will be accorded the same level of service as you whenever they travel. supplement 9 Article 5 cost-effective service uprightness lessons from Singapore Airlines An additional source of intelligence is SIAs spy flights, where advisors travel with competitors and report on their beseechings SIA builds team smell inwardly its 6,600 crew members through its team fantasy, where small teams of 13 crew members are formed and because fly together as far as execu duck for at to the lowest degree two years. This leads to the development of team spirit and sociable bonds within the team that reinforces the finishing of cost-effective service righteousness and the ally pressure to deliver SIAs call to customers. appendage 10 gameboard 2The tables below show the comparison in the midst of the in-flight facilities provided by SIA and their competitors. Airline comparison in terms of screen size AirlineEconomy single out moving in Clas sFirst Class sunrise(prenominal)(prenominal)s Singapore Airlines10. 615. 4 LCD23 LCD (1280768 Pixels)100 movies, clxxx TV shows, 20 tuner send, 65games, 700 melody CDs, office software, echo cancelling headsets Cathay9 widescreen15 widescreen17 widescreen100 movies, 350 TV shows, 22 radio stations, 888 CDs, 70 interactive games, noise cancelling headsets Qantas6. 310. 28. 360 movies, 200 TV shows, 20 radio stations, 10 games, 150 music CDs, noise cancelling headsetsAirlines comparison in terms of in-flight services AirlineSingapore AirlinesQantasCathay inaugural Class- 88. 9cm wide, fine grain leather seat Flat hind end adjustable table height bandaging table with reverberate Plush duvet, fluffy pillows Ferragamo Toiletries Givenchy Sleeper entourage and suede slippers occasion venthole intervention cancelling headsets- 198cm long prostrate complete igniter meals/ snacks available anytime make in knead aptitude in each check Payot paris toiletries Ak ira Isogawa pyjamas, eyeshades Power outlet psychological disorder cancelling headsets- 205. 7cm long, 63. 5cm wide matte bed personal mop upt for clothes, hoes, mattress, pillows particular(a) large tray table Mood light Adjustable knowledge light reinforced in work capability in each temper Acca Kappa amenities set Power outlet mental disorder cancelling headsets dividing line Class- 1-2-1 layout with 76cm width seating Flat bed Light duvet, large pillows Computer employ with USB ports and keyboard seam lounge Snack shoetree Eau de toiletries Power issuing Noise cancelling headsets- 2-2-2 layout slip compartment Coat cull Built in massage capability in each chair meal and cocktail table Adjustable adaptation light Inflight bar Marc Newson amenities kit withKorner skin care product Power sack Noise cancelling headsets- 2-3-2 layout with 198cm long, 52 cm wide seating Flat bed Built in massage capability in each chair particular(a) large tray table Mood fire Adjustable reading light Extra large tray table Agnes B Amenities kit with Murad/Dermalogica skin care products Power Outlet Noise cancelling headsets Appendix 11 turn off 3 clean Age of Aircraft average Age of Aircraft, 31 environ 20082007-20082006-20072005 20062004 2005 SIA rider Fleet (Months)77757664 SIA Freighters (Months)88766865 Industry Wide (Months)162160159157 Appendix 12 put off 4 in operation(p) Performance of follow The smart setCathay Qantas in S$ million 200820072006200520082008 Revenue12,759. 6011,343. 9010,302. 809,260. 109753. 27715051. 7 Expenditure-11,115. 60-10,316. 90-9,651. 80-8,562. 20-8751. 65-13774. 2 Operating Profit1,644. 001,027. 00651697. 91001. 6271277. 527 Percentage Change60. 10%57. 80%-6. 70% 33. 40% (compared to former year) Cash hunt from Operating Activities4269. 43163. 52309. 62786. 62,540. 032,101. 91 Appendix 13 Table 5 affectionate ratio numeration agile Ratio = Quick Assets/ Current Liabilities (Quick Assets relegate inventories & prepaid assets) The aggroupCathayQantas n S$ million 200820072006200820082008 Current Assets8,313. 308,248. 805,938. 304,943. 90339075616. 2 Inventories507. 7534. 1517. 5442. 5882215. 7 character 44 tax prepayments-46. 7166. 2221. 4 Prepayments104. 986. 1- Quick Assets7,700. 707,581. 905,254. 604,280. 00330255400. 5 Current Liabilities5,957. 705,258. 404,842. 503,901. 60273947603. 9 Quick Ratio1. 291. 441. 091. 101. 210. 71 Appendix 14 Table 6 Debt-to- loveliness Ratio counting Debt-to-Equity ratio shows the physical composition of debt and fair play in the capital mental synthesis and measures the degree to which the company relies on foreigner for funds.Debt-to-Equity Ratio = complete long-term liabilities/ derive stockholders equity The concourseCathayQantas in S$ million 200820072006200520082008 Long-term Liabilities1,599. 201,805. 801,824. 402,333. 304860. 20913. 5022 StockholderEquity15,125. 2015,100. 0013,470. 6012,342. 301675 9. 325753. 29 Debt-to-Equity Ratio0. 110. 120. 140. 190. 290. 16 Appendix 15 Table 7 move over on Equity Holders Fund Calculation ingathering on equity holders funds = Profit imputable to equity holders of the follow / total equity holders funds (Percentage) The GroupCathayQantas 200820072006200520082008 in S$ million Profit ascribable to equity holders2049. 2128. 81,240. 701,309. 507023969 Equity Holders funds15,125. 2015,100. 0013,470. 6012,342. 30505495731. 2 Average equity holders funds15112. 614285. 312906. 4511898. 747967. 55683. 05 give in on equity holders funds13. 56%14. 90%9. 61%11. 01%14. 64%17. 05% Appendix 16 Table 8 Earnings after Tax per Share (diluted) Calculations Earnings after tax per share (diluted) is computed by dividing profit traceable to equity holders of the Company by the weighted average of ordinary shares in issue excluding exchequer shares, adjusted for the dilutive effect on the cypher of all bully share options.The Group 2008200720062005 Pro fit attributable to equity holders of the Company(S$ millions)2,049. 402,128. 801,240. 701,352. 40 Adjustment for dilutive capability ordinary shares (S$ millions) (5. 10) (4. 80) (3. 60)- set net profit attributable to equity holders of the Company (S$ millions)2,044. 302,124. 001,237. 10- charge average number of ordinary shares in issue (million)1,216. 001,233. 601,219. 501,218. 20 Adjustment for dilutive say-so ordinary shares (million)14. 910. 02. 1- modify weighted average number of ordinary shares (million)1,230. 901,243. 601,221. 601,218. 0 weaken earnings per share (cents)166. 1170. 8101. 3111. 0 Appendix 17 Table 9 Dividend enumeration The Group 2008200720062005 meantime dividend (cents per share)20. 015. 010. 010. 0 Proposed lowest dividend (cents per share)80. 035. 035. 030. 0 Dividend sweep (times)1. 71. 72. 32. 8 Appendix 18 Exhibit 3 SIACathay pacificQantas Airways SIACathay PacificQantas Airways 52 Weeks Range Volatility47%63%59% Highest Price in 52 Weeks$ 19. 90$24. 00$6. 06 lowest Price in 52 Weeks$10. 52$8. 77$2. 50 Appendix 19 Table 10 Figures for Industry Averages are taken from Reuters (www. reuters. com) Industry AverageGroups AverageQuick Ratio0. 921. 29 Interest Coverage0. 0426. 42 fall down on Assets0. 19%8. 10% Return on Equity-0. 04%13. 60% Appendix 20 Table 11 Non Financial valuation in the form of a BSC schooling and Growth Aspects of MeasurementMeasuresEvaluation Employee DevelopmentEmployee grooming programmes implemented writ of execution of a company-wide summation Developmental readiness Framework. Consisting of eight core competencies, it allows staff to identify strengths and opportunities for improvement. Three areas have been prioritised for follow-up action Pay and Benefits, life history Development, and Working Relationships.This shows that they are concerned about its employees welfare, not just giving them financial satisfaction. Introduced a web-based self- learnedness security program for cabin an d proficient aircrew. Seven training schools Employee satisfactionEmployee benefits schemes short Incentives Short-term incentives generally take the form of an annual profit-sharing bonus. recompense of the variable bonus is based on employees achieving the target levels in the following (i) SIA Groups Return on Shareholders Fund (ii) SIA Companys Operating Profit Margin and iii) SIA Companys rider Load gene Long-Term Incentives The Company has put in place share-based remuneration programmes allowing employees to share in its growth and success. These plans integrate the Performance Share program (PSP), restricted Share Plan (RSP) and Employee Share cream Plan (ESOP). InnovationNew technology and innovationsKrisWorld, Singapore Airlines award-winning and ever-expanding inflight recreation system, offers customers a wide range of entertainment options. Customers can choose from a variety of movies, TV programmes, music CDs and channels. in that location is also an coarse selection of ikon games and interactive applications including Berlitz forge Traveler, a to the full interactive learning programme. These techonology implemented allowed them to be one of the shell airlines in the industry to offer such entertainment system. Uses Three-step change innovation process. Examples are the lately launched design of the Airbus A380 cabin. Customer overseas presenceNetwork DevelopmentAs of 31 litigate 2008, Singapore Airlines operated 726 hebdomadally flights to 66 destinations in 36 countries.Including codeshare services with Star confederacy and partner airlines, the Airlines global route meshwork grew to 149 destinations in 46 countries. In distinguished 2007, SIAEC acquired 100% of Aircraft livelihood Services Australia to offer line attention services at international airports in Australia. The acquisition is part of the Companys continuing effort to capture a larger virgule of the global maintenance, repair and overhaul (MRO) market by extending its try o upstart growth markets and to unfold the span of its services to offer total maintenance solutions to airlines. condom safeguard measures introducedIntroduced a web-based self-learning security program for cabin and good aircrew. It also successfully spotless its countenance re bran-newal of the IATA practicable recourse Audit. The analyse covered key operational areas across the Airline, including flight safety, extremity management, engineering maintenance and ground handling. The Airline is also working close with other safety organisations, such as IATA and AAPA, to produce and kick upstairs flight safety. Service rangeNew services improvements to current flightsKrisShop launches new online sales admission krisshop. om, featuring an online catalogue and selections exclusive to Singapore ECONOMY CLASS modify design and use of light, thinner materials which provide more personal space and legroom. different features include a non-intrusive read ing light installed underneath the seatback screen, personal storage space for spectacles and small items, and adjustable footrest. channel CLASS The A380 is set up with 60 personal line of credit Class seats. all in all seats offer direct access to the aisle, with a 1-2-1 forward-facing configuration. The new Business Class seats onboard the A380 are the widest in its class for any airline.At 85-cm wide, the seat is similar but more or less larger, than the Business Class seats fitted on the Airlines Boeing 777-300ER fleet. Business Class on the A380 also features a rider Corner, specially created for these customers to cut off up snacks and socialize during long flights. AIRLINES KRISWORLD Customers can choose from more than 1000 entertainment options featured on the new KrisWorld, including movies, goggle box programmes, music, learning applications and 3D games. Screens across all classes are bigger 58cm in Suites, 39cm in Business and 30cm in Economy.Singapore Airlines customers flight on the A380 and B777-300ER, are also able to work. Inflight through a comprehensive retinue of office applications which can be accessed via the handset and without a laptop. All seats come with their very own USB port and in-seat power supply. INTERLINE E-TICKETING Singapore Airlines ranks as the first non-US carrier, and tierce in the airline industry, in implementing interline e-ticketing. As of blemish 2008, 97% of all tickets issued from the Airlines sales channels were e-tickets. All Singapore Airlines stations in the meshing are e-ticket enabled. jibe to IATA ranking in March 2008, Singapore Airlines has 120 Interline e-ticketing partners, among the highest in the industry. Corporate accessible ResponsibilityRaising money for charities Over $1. 9 million was raised and distributed to charities in Sydney, Singapore and the global humanitarian organisation, Medecins Sans Frontieres. Singapore Airlines announces it will vendue seats in the worlds first A3 80 flight on the global online marketplace, eBay. All money raised from the auction sale is to be donated to four charities. The auction starts on 27 August 2007 and runs for two weeks. environsThe A380 is a cleaner, greener, new contemporaries aircraft fuel trim back, compared to a Boeing 747, on a per-seat backside is 20% less, and its noise footprint at take-off and landing is about 95% reduce than any aircraft introduced 40 years ago. It is the cleanest, most environmentally comradely large passenger plane to take to the skies. Importantly, it will also help to deal with congestion at busy airports by offering more seats without the have for more frequencies. And it is delivering a substantially lower fuel burn per seat mile than the older generation large passenger jets. Image and reputationAwards and Accolades family line 2008 Business traveller Asia-Pacific vanquish Airline for the 17th attendant time in its 2008 Readers Poll. outmatch Asia-Pacific Airline, to p hat First Class top hat Business Class and Best Economy Class. With ten editions worldwide, Business traveler is the worlds leading event geared towards support business travellers. Worlds Best Awards 2008 survey Best International Airline for the 13th consecutive time in its. The cartridge has a readership of almost five million. February 2008 Air canalize World (Global) Airline of the Year March 2008 Frost & Sullivan Asia Pacific Aerospace & Defence Awards (Asia) Airline of the YearBusiness Process Process expertness Solutions to improve business efficiency Introduction of A380 to cater to high demand from customers and also essay to cut costs that was passed on from high oil prices since the use of bigger airplanes will be more cost efficient as inappropriate to flying small airplanes with more relative frequency. In addition, five new Boeing 777-300ER aircraft were delivered. These raised the number of Boeing 777 aircraft in the operating fleet to 72, reaffirming Sin gapore Airlines position as the worlds largest operator of the Boeing 777 family. The four-time periodical service via capital of the Russian Federation started in March 2008, boosting the number of each week passenger flights amid Singapore and the regular army to more than 50. relative frequency was increased between Singapore and cities in Asia and Europe to attain growing demand for air travel. This shows that they continually increase their frequency to meet demands and improve services towards customers. Employee EfficiencyValue added per employeeThere is an improvement from $497,662 to $530,859 which is an increment of 6. 7% over the last financial year. Appendix 21 Table 12 Comparison with Close CompetitorsSIACathay PacificQantas Learning & GrowthAir caboodle training -4 month long training for stewardesses which includes both functional and interpersonal skills -Promote team dynamics by organizing aircrews in teams of 13 and flies together for at least 2 years Self L earning Web-based self-learning security program for its cabin and technological crew to increase efficiency in learning Air Crew training Staff alinement survey to verify better employees expectations. Leading-edge training and development programmes to enhance the skills of our workforce. -Business-driven learning undercover counselling through our Employee Assistance Programme. Air Crew training Comprehensive training program that covers topics including customer service, medical aviation, aircraft and personal safety, emergency procedures. QGFT provides high level pragmatical and theoretical training in commit facilities. Internal Business Processes- constitute chemise solutions to improve business efficiency through grounding of Airbus 380 which offers the state of the art aircraft and that it also cuts back on fuel costs. Diversity of businesses by tapping into budget airline Tiger Airways. Average fleet age of 6. 41 years- constitute swing solutions to improve b usiness efficiency by publicly announcing plans to replace a fewer older aircraft with new fuel-efficient plans and retrenching employees. -Average fleet age of 11 years. -Cost cutting solutions to improve business efficiency through introduction of Airbus 380 which offers the state of the art aircraft and that it cuts back on fuel costs. -Overly focused on cost cutting such that safety is being compromised, and they are currently under supervision by CASA -Average flight age of 9. 3 years Diversity of businesses by tapping into budget airline and currently holds stakes in Jetstar. Customer Perspective- Close relationship and builds loyalty through branding. subtile in flight entertainment on board that is crucial for prolonged flights. poor safety concern Introduced a web-based self-learning security program for cabin and technical aircrew and has completed its second permutation of the IATA Operational Safety Audit. The Airline is also working closely with other safety orga nisations, such as IATA and AAPA, to promote and enhance flight safety. haoma and maintain a good social image and reputation- Excellent in flight services on board with brand new state of the art in-flight entertainment system with audio and picture on demand for the business class. Low safety concerns and they show that safety is of last(a) importance ceremonious the Board Safety Review deputation and Airline Safety Review delegacy Safety problems have been an issue recently with numerous cases of technical problems and causing flight delays. The Civil zephyr Safety sanction (CASA) told Qantas to improve the maintenance of its planes, after several(prenominal) flights had been cancelled or delayed due to engine problems. affectionate image declining due to adverse intelligence reports about concerns over safety levels. Appendix 22 Article 6 Singapore worlds best airline STUART INNES 20 kinsfolk 2008 SINGAPORE Airlines, the first to have mundane international fligh ts through Adelaide Airport, has been named best airline by Business Traveller Asia-Pacific pickup The readers votes also gave the airline wins in categories for best first class, best business class and best economy class.The gongs come on top of other awards to Singapore Airlines such as the annual Skytrax survey, which voted it airline of the year. US-based magazine Travel + waste readers voted Singapore Airlines as best international airline in its 2008 Worlds Best Awards. 9References Books Loizos Heracleous, Jochen Wirtz & Nitin Pangarkar (2006) degraded High in a competitive industry cost-effective service excellence at Singapore Airlines McGraw-Hill Educatiion (Asia) Databases Factiva http//global. factiva. com. ezlibproxy1. ntu. edu. sg/sb/default. aspx? NAPC=S&fcpil=en journal Articles Shank, K.J. and Govindarajan, V. (1992). Strategic Cost anxiety and the Value Chain. Journal of Cost Management, Winter 1992, 5(4)5-21 Chivaka, R. (2007). Strategic Cost Management Value Chain Analysis Approach. account SA, August 2007, 25-27. Porter, M. E. (1985). Competitive Advantage. The Free Press, New York, Ch. 1, pp 11-15. Newspaper write ups The Straits Times, October 19 2008, currency Section, SIA sees 1. 6% drop in placard numbers Other states Singapore Airlines Ltd Financial Report 2007-08 Singapore Airlines Ltd Financial Report 2006-07 Singapore Airlines Ltd Financial Report 2005-06Singapore Airlines Ltd Financial Report 2004-05 Cathay Pacific Financial Report 2007-2008 Qantas Airways Financial Report 2007-2008 Websites www. cathaypacific. com www. qantas. com. au www. reuters. com www. singaporeair. com http//business. timesonline. co. uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/banking_and_finance/article4909976. ece http//www. straitstimes. com/Breaking%2BNews/Money/Story/STIStory_288507. hypertext markup language www. venturerepublic. com/resources/Singapore_Airlines__An_Excellent_Asian_Brand. asp www. singaporeairfreight. com/ttd_bizenterprise/Singlenews. aspx? DirID=64&re